I got a comment this week which has pulled me back to my blog (thanks, Ivy!). In full, she asked:

“I’m curious about your experience of DBT and how you’ve written that you have ‘built a life worth living’ and yet seem to still be despressed and struggle with suicide, etc. I tried DBT – you could call me a “dbt dropout”. I found the classes patronizing and I found the skills were, well, not effective… For me, it was not an effective way to treat a client with BPD to tell them you won’t speak to them if they do not “do this”. That screams of abandonment, in my opinion, and that’s one of the main symptoms of BPD.
Obviously, your DBT experience is much different, yet your struggles with suicide and depression seem to be similar to mine, therefore I am intrigued.”

These are all interesting and important points, and I think it’s going to take two separate posts to do them justice. I’m going address the questions about the effectiveness of DBT first, and tackle the question of how clients experience the delivery of DBT (the feeling of being patronized and the abandonment that comes from the 24 hour rule) in another post. Phew!

So: does DBT really work? After all, I’m still not the happiest bunny on the planet. Yet the difference between my life before and now is immense. Prior to starting DBT, I was chronically suicidal. I mean every day. I was inching closer and closer towards completed suicide, with increasingly frequent hospital stays. I was leaving my twice weekly (undirected) therapy so distressed I’d hurt myself. I was drinking more and more and had some near misses with accidental death. I was in a job far below my capabilities, and frequently off sick. The only friends I saw were the ones who broke their way into my home, because I cancelled any plans I’d made- overcome by an inexplicable dread. It’s hard to describe the constant noise in my head. Now? My dangerous behaviours are gone. I have a fab job, see my friends, ’live’ well, even on the days when depression and suicide creep back. I guess their occasional guest apperances may sound disappointing. It doesn’t feel disappointing to me. I have been battling with them for 20 of my 28 years. I never expected this to be the final round. In the last few months, the event that’s had the biggest impact on me has been my partner’s decision to relocate, putting us in the longest-distance relationship you can have on this earth. It’s been hard. I’ve faltered. Has DBT failed me? The only thing DBT has ‘failed’ to do is to control other people’s (e.g. my partner’s) behaviour, and it never promised that…   

Some other random thoughts in no particular order:

*What most people talk about as ‘DBT’ is only Stage 1 of four stages. Stage 1 doesn’t promise to get you to a point where life feels worth living. All it claims to do is bring target behaviours down under control. When Marsha Linehan talks about ‘quiet desperation’, she is acknowledging up front that bringing dangerous behaviours under control is not enough- it just traps us in a life of quiet despair. Stage 2 of DBT addresses the underlying trauma which got us so stuck in the first place. Stages 3 and 4 address ordinary problems of living and developing the capacity for joy.

*DBT incorporates a huge range of skills. These include: various ways to be interpersonally effective so you get what you want, maintain the relationship, or retain your self respect; a wide variety of ways to help you manage your distress; many different ways to regulate your emotions; various strategies to build mindfulness into your life. I don’t believe for a second that every skill will work for everyone. There are some skills which don’t do it for me, and a couple which make me worse. However, I also find it very hard to accept that there are any people for whom none of the skills are effective. The skills are not bizarre or crazy or even particularly unusual. Many of the skills are explicitly teaching us what ‘normal’ people learnt naturally to do as they grew up, because their environments gave them a chance.  

*Not even the best treatments work for everyone. I’m training to be a psychologist. We use an evidence base to decide what is likely to work. DBT has such an evidence base. However, the evidence (yes, more evidence!) suggests even the most ‘effective’ treatments- the ones with the best evidence- do not work for up to 1/3 of clients. When this happens, it doesn’t matter how ’effective’ the intervention was in theory, it’s back to the drawing board as far as that particular client is concerned.  

*I wanted and needed DBT to work. I chose to do DBT, and went to great lengths to track down a therapist. I was invested. I guess DBT might call this ‘willingness’. I am absolutely *not* saying that DBT doesn’t work for others because they are not trying hard enough or don’t want to get better. Even DBT itself refuses to say this, as one of its core beliefs is that the client cannot fail- only the therapy and the therapist can fail. However, I am saying that I wasn’t sectioned and thrown into a DBT programme against my will, or told that DBT was all that was on offer when I actually wanted a different kind of treatment. And I’m sure that makes a big difference. However, I certainly do not think that I- my attitude, investedness or any other characteristic of mine- was the only or even the main factor which made DBT work for me. I think a lot of it was down to the therapist I had. Over and over again, in so many different kinds of therapy, the quality of the therapeutic relationship has been shown to be the main predictor of success, and I got very very lucky with my therapist. I’ll talk about this more in my next post on how DBT is experienced by clients…

*DBT only works if you use the skills. And I’m talking about me here, not ‘you’. I know that many of the DBT skills work well for me. That doesn’t mean that I always use them. Sometimes I forget, slipping automatically back into old habits. Sometimes it feels too hard, perhaps because there’s a new situation I haven’t had any practice applying them to. And yes, sometimes I just plain choose not to. Some days, I choose to wallow in pain rather than help myself. I don’t always realise that’s what I’m doing, but the next day, when I pick myself up and try again, I can see that’s what I did. I think this says more about my less than perfect willingness than about DBT’s effectiveness.  

*Building a life worth living. That’s what my blog’s called, and that’s what I’m doing. It is not yet built. I will be building it each day for the rest of my life. Sounds tiring? It is. But there is so much satisfaction and even some joy in the building. Every time I succeed in soothing instead of escalating my distress, every time I get out of bed and make it into work, every time I see my friends instead of cancelling, that’s building a life and living a life all at once.

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